essential amino acid

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essen′tial ami′no ac′id

any amino acid that is required for life and growth but is not produced in the body, or is produced in insufficient amounts, and must be supplied by protein in the diet.

[1935–40]

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Noun

essential amino acid - an amino acid that is required by animals but that they cannot synthesize; must be supplied in the diet

amino acid, aminoalkanoic acid - organic compounds containing an amino group and a carboxylic acid group; "proteins are composed of various proportions of about 20 common amino acids"

arginine - a bitter tasting amino acid found in proteins and necessary for nutrition; its absence from the diet leads to a reduced production of spermatozoa

histidine - an essential amino acid found in proteins that is important for the growth and repair of tissue

isoleucine - an essential amino acid found in proteins; isomeric with leucine

leucine - a white crystalline amino acid occurring in proteins that is essential for nutrition; obtained by the hydrolysis of most dietary proteins

lysine - an essential amino acid found in proteins; occurs especially in gelatin and casein

methionine - a crystalline amino acid containing sulfur; found in most proteins and essential for nutrition

phenylalanine - an essential amino acid found in proteins and needed for growth of children and for protein metabolism in children and adults; abundant in milk and eggs; it is normally converted to tyrosine in the human body

threonine - a colorless crystalline amino acid found in protein; occurs in the hydrolysates of certain proteins; an essential component of human nutrition

tryptophan, tryptophane - an amino acid that occurs in proteins; is essential for growth and normal metabolism; a precursor of niacin

valine - an essential amino acid found in proteins; important for growth in children and nitrogen balance in adults

Translations

esenciální aminokyselina

απαραίτητο αμινοξύ

必須アミノ酸

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References in periodicals archive ?

The dried mealworm larvae used in this study were about 3.5-month old with CP, essential AA, crude fat, and Ca contents of 48.2%, 46.3(g/16 g-N), 29.5%, and 0.04%, respectively.

Nutrient ileal digestibility evaluation of dried mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) larvae compared to three animal protein by-products in growing pigs

Regarding the amino acid (AA) profile of P coronopus leaves (Table 5) arginine was the major essential AA (10.2 mg/g dw) followed by leucine (5.57 mg/g dw) and threonine (5.22 mg/g dw), while tryptophan (0.05 mg/g dw) and histidine (1.40 mg/g dw) were the minor AA.

Profiling of antioxidant potential and phytoconstituents of Plantago coronopus/ Avaliacao do potencial antioxidante e perfil fitoquimico do Plantago coronopus

The lysine, methionine, tryptophan, threonine, arginine, leucine, isoleucine, histidine, phenylalanine and valine are dietary essential AA because poultry birds are unable to synthesize them (Ravindran and Bryden, 1999a).

Digestible Amino Acids: Significance and Prospects in Poultry

The essential AA index (EAAI) ranged from 1.14-1.30.

Amino acids profile of the fancy meats of the African Giant Pouch Rat (Cricetomys gambianus)

The AID values of the essential AA are presented in Table IV.

Digestibilidad ileal de aminoacidos y comportamiento de cerdos alimentados con dietas base sorgo adicionadas con fitasa

This signifies the importance of low CP diets in that by decreasing the excess of non-essential AA and supplementing essential AA, N excretion can be significantly reduced (Moran et al., 1992; Ferguson et al., 1998; Bregendahl et al., 2002; Rezaei et al., 2004).

Effect of Low Levels of Dietary Crude Protein with Constant Metabolizable Energy on Nitrogen Excretion, Litter Composition and Blood Parameters of Broilers

The essential AA except Leu and Met as well as the non-essential AA except Ala in the barley varieties were higher than those in corn.

Partial dehulling increases the energy content and nutrient digestibility of barley in growing pigs

In the current study, the CC protease supplementation improved the AID of some essential AA including arginine, histidine, isoleucine and leucine, and some non-essential AA including alanine and tyrosine.

Effects of coated compound proteases on apparent total tract digestibility of nutrients and apparent ileal digestibility of amino acids for pigs

Though FSBM has approximately 10% more CP than SBM, essential AA profile remains unchanged after fungal fermentation (Zamora and Veum, 1979; Hong et al., 2004).