Leptin activates anorexigenic POMC neurons through a neural network in the
arcuate nucleus. Nature 2001;411:480-4.
Morgan, "Photoperiod regulates
arcuate nucleus POMC, AGRP, and leptin receptor mRNA in Siberian hamster hypothalamus," American Journal of Physiology Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, vol.
We compared the number of kisspeptin-immunoreactive cells in the RP3V and the density of kisspeptin-immunoreactive fibers in the RP3V and
arcuate nucleus between vehicle- and DEHP-exposed males.
LepR are highly expressed in
arcuate nucleus (Arc) neurons, where they partially colocalize with kisspeptin, one of the most potent regulators of the reproductive axis (Smith et al., 2006; Oakley et al., 2009; Colledge, 2009; Pinilla et al., 2012).
Kisspeptin/GPR54 system can directly stimulate GnRH cells in the
arcuate nucleus of hypothalamus (11).
Stress-induced inhibition of LH pulses in female rats: Role of GABA in
arcuate nucleus. Journal of Molecular Endocrinology 55(1):9-19, 2015.
Neurons destined for the
arcuate nucleus then differentiate into these so-called appetite neurons and satiety neurons.
Immunocytochemical observation of ghrelin-containing neurons in the rat
arcuate nucleus. Neurosci Lett.
Other studies reported severe loss of catecholaminergic and peptidergic neurons in the retina and the hypothalamic
arcuate nucleus (ARC) [3-5].
There were reports that pain rose terminal hormones of pituitary-adrenal system and catabolism hormones and increased catecholamine to suppress prolactin secretion, and analgesics made maternal increase prolactin secretion, thereby increasing maternal lactation.[sup][3],[4] Some scholars have speculated that increase of prolactin was relating to anesthetic adjuvant drugs and extensive epidural blocking which reduced synthesis and release of stress hormone (catecholamine) by inhibiting generation of dopamine in
arcuate nucleus of tuberoinfundibular system.[sup][5] Additionally, in CO[sub]2 pneumoperitoneum, intra-abdominal pressure increased, airway pressure rose, and CO[sub]2 was absorbed into the bloodstream.
It also stimulates neuropeptide Y (NPY) and agouti related peptide (AgPR) in the
arcuate nucleus of hypothalamus and inhibit the reduction of food intake, which is mediated by leptin.